Never heard of that site before. (I always use GearingCommander.com.)
Assuming identical chain tension: 112 links with 14/50 should bring your sprocket centerpoint distance 0.08" inches closer than 108 links with 13/43. 114 links should move them 0.55" apart compared to stock. 118 links with 14/50 will move your sprockets 1.81" farther apart than stock position, which you've already discovered.
Some riders prefer to buy longer chains like you have and just cut them down to desired length after holding them in place on the sprockets. Longer chains cost the same and you don't have to rely on screwy calculations like in that website. You can cut the 118 link chain you have down and make it work. But Gearing Commander.com has always worked for me.